A strong essay starts with a clear understanding of the prompt. If you write about the general topic but miss what the question asks, you can lose marks even when your grammar and vocabulary are strong.
Before you begin writing, identify three things: the main topic, the specific focus, and the instructions.
1. Find the Main Topic
The topic is the broad subject of the essay. For example:
The internet helps people stay connected, but it can also isolate them and reduce social interaction.
To what extent do you agree or disagree?
The main topic is internet use. That alone does not tell you what to write about, though. An essay about online learning, children’s safety, or entertainment could drift away from the prompt.
2. Find the Specific Focus
The specific focus narrows the topic to the issue the question wants you to discuss. In the example above, focus on whether the internet connects people or contributes to isolation and less face-to-face interaction.
A different prompt might say:
Many children have unhealthy lifestyles. Schools and parents share responsibility for addressing this problem.
To what extent do you agree?
The broad topic is children’s health. The specific focus is the responsibility of schools and parents. Keep your discussion centered on those roles instead of writing about children’s health in general.
3. Identify the Instructions
Instruction words tell you what kind of response to write. A prompt might ask you to:
- Agree or disagree with a statement
- Discuss two views and give your opinion
- Explain causes or problems
- Suggest solutions
- Compare advantages and disadvantages
Follow every instruction in the prompt. If it asks for your opinion and supporting examples, include both. If it asks you to discuss two views, make sure you cover each one.
A Quick Check Before You Write
Before drafting, ask yourself:
- What is the broad topic?
- Which part of that topic should I address?
- What does the question require me to do?
Keep your answers in mind as you plan and write. Check that each paragraph supports the specific task.